The Falkland Islands are just over half the size of Wales but they contain around 10% of the peatland found in the UK and its overseas territories, however, very little is known about the condition of this peat. This PhD aims to quantify the greenhouse gas emissions of Falkland’s peat and the impact the past 250 years of human settlement has had. This PhD will also explore how human land-use has impacted the peatland carbon stock through microbial and geochemical analysis, all of which will be used to gain a greater understanding of the drivers of carbon and greenhouse gas fluxes in the Falklands.